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'It's hard to recognise abuse when you're in a relationship, no matter who you are, and it's easier to deny it. But when you do recognise it and accept it for what it is - there is support out there.'
For Sean (*name has been changed to protect the person's identity), who now works in Swindon in a role which involves helping to prevent domestic abuse, it took years for him to realise he was in a psychologically and emotionally abusive marriage.
The controlling behaviour he experienced ranged from being prevented from spending his own money, isolated from his family, mocked in front of his friends and even prevented from sitting on furniture his wife had bought.
Sean explains:
'There was never any physical abuse. We very rarely even argued. It was what was said and done that amounted to emotional and mental abuse, and to a lesser extent, financial abuse. She isolated me from my family, many of whom lived abroad, and she would always stop me spending money on going to visit them.
'It was quite late on in the relationship that I recognised it as systematic, or as abuse. There were things that weren't good but I looked at them in isolation. The turning point was when I got a new job and my new colleagues would ask about my evening or weekend, and I would describe what had happened with no real thought that anything was wrong - for example she had bought a new chair but wouldn't ever let me sit in it because she bought it.
'There was another time where I had some friends round for my 30th birthday but she wanted me to cook her a dinner, so I spent the whole evening cooking for her while they all had a party elsewhere in the house, so I missed my own birthday.
'When I put all the incidents together, it was overwhelming. She later had an affair - when I confronted her about it, she left but came back and we tried again. When we were with friends she would speak openly about the affair in front of me, joking about it and mocking my reaction to it.
'When I told her how small, weak and miserable it made me feel, nothing changed. She just carried on, and only really stopped because no one else was laughing. It shattered my self-confidence and I didn't feel strong enough to stand up to anything. From then on, the verbal belittling and humiliation happened more frequently until it seemed relentless.'
At the time, Sean was unaware of the different forms of domestic abuse or the support services available.
'When I talk to people about it now, all I get is support. No one questions the 'big man being bullied by smaller woman' part of this like people used to. There is support out there, whether it is from professionals or family and friends, or in my case, work colleagues. Having your thoughts and feelings ratified when your confidence is shattered makes such a difference. It's transformative.'
Domestic abuse isn't just about violent or threatening behaviour - it can be psychological or emotional, sexual or financial, controlling and coercive. It can happen to anyone, regardless of gender, religion, race or sexuality. It can happen in short and long term relationships and partners, ex-partners and family members can all be involved.
Find out more on our domestic abuse page, including:
Please call us on 101 to report your concerns. If you think you or someone else you know are in immediate danger please call 999 immediately.